Arusberita.id – Badan usaha penyedia Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) di seluruh SPBU Indonesia resmi menaikkan lagi harga produk BBM-nya per 1 Oktober 2023, tak terkecuali PT Pertamina (Persero) yang menaikkan harga BBM Non Subsidinya.
Kenapa harga BBM Non Subsidi ini naik?
Corporate Secretary PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Irto Ginting menjelaskan, penyesuaian berkala dan penetapan harga BBM Jenis BBM Umum (JBU) atau BBM non subsidi ini mengacu pada regulasi Pemerintah yakni Keputusan Menteri ESDM Nomor 245.K/MG.01/MEM.M/2022 tentang Formula Harga Dasar Dalam Perhitungan Harga Jual Eceran Jenis BBM Umum Jenis BBM dan Minyak Solar.
“Penyesuaian harga mengacu mengacu pada rata-rata MOPS (Means of Platts Singapore) pada periode 25 Agustus 2023 hingga 24 September 2023. Harga baru ini berlaku untuk propinsi dengan besaran pajak bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor (PBBKB) sebesar 5% seperti di wilayah DKI Jakarta,” jelasnya, dikutip Senin (2/10/2023).
Namun demikian, dia memastikan, harga BBM di SPBU Pertamina masih kompetitif dibandingkan harga BBM di SPBU swasta lainnya.
“Harga produk Pertamina masih termasuk kompetitif dibandingkan perusahaan lain untuk produk dengan kualitas setara dan harga tersebut telah memenuhi ketentuan batas atas pada periode Oktober 2023 yang ditetapkan untuk setiap jenis BBM,” tambahnya.
Adapun, dia klaim penyesuaian harga BBM non subsidi ini diberlakukan untuk bisa menjamin ketersediaan BBM di dalam negeri. “Perubahan harga BBM Pertamina mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek diantaranya tren harga publikasi MOPS/Argus dan Kurs, agar tetap dapat menjamin keberlangsungan penyediaan dan penyaluran BBM hingga ke seluruh pelosok Tanah Air,” tandasnya.
Ali Ahmudi Achyak, Direktur Eksekutif Center for Energy Security Studies (CESS), mengatakan untuk Jenis BBM Umum (JBU) sudah seharusnya harganya sesuai mekanisme pasar dan menyesuaikan sisi keekonomian.
“Salah satunya harus menyesuaikan dengan komponen harga dasar BBM, termasuk fluktuasi harga minyak dunia. Itu hal yang wajar agar tak menimbulkan kerugian bagi perusahaan penyedia BBM, khususnya PT Pertamina (Persero),” kata Ali, dikutip Senin (2/10/2023).
Ali menjelaskan secara umum, komponen harga dasar BBM terdiri atas biaya perolehan, biaya penyimpanan dan distribusi serta proyeksi margin. Biaya perolehan merupakan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk menyediakan BBM. “Sedangkan biaya penyimpanan dan distribusi merupakan biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk mendistribusikan BBM ke konsumen di seluruh wilayah Indonesia,” ujarnya
Terkait biaya perolehan BBM, lanjut Ali, acuan yang digunakan adalah harga indeks pasar BBM yang dipengaruhi oleh harga ICP. Saat ini (rerata tahun 2023) ICP bisa mencapai US$ 90 per barel sehingga rata-rata harga indeks pasar BBM berada di atas level US$ 100 per barel.
Ali menuturkan, secara alamiah dan mengikuti hukum ekonomi, terkait dengan BBM nonpenugasan seharusnya badan usaha bisa menerapkan harga fluktuatif sesuai mekanisme pasar dan pergerakan harga minyak dunia. Namun tingginya tingkat kerumitan dan potensi adanya gejolak membuat badan usaha lebih memilik metode “smooth” dalam pengaturan harga.
“Sebenarnya itu tidak ada masalah asalkan proyeksi harga berdasarkan model berbasis forecasting bisa dilakukan dengan baik, data valid dan proyeksi yang akurat,” ungkap Ali.
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