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Menakar Dampak Kenaikan Tarif PPN Jadi 12% Terhadap Penerimaan Negara

Menakar Dampak Kenaikan Tarif PPN Jadi 12% Terhadap Penerimaan Negara

Arusberita.id – Pemerintah akan menaikkan tarif pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN) menjadi 12% pada tahun 2025. Penyesuaian tarif ini telah tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan (UU HPP).

“Tarif PPN yaitu sebesar 11% yang mulai berlaku pada tanggal 1 April 2022; sebesar 12% yang mulai berlaku paling lambat pada tanggal 1 Januari 2025,” bunyi Pasal 7 ayat (1) UU HPP yang dikutip Selasa (12/3).

Pengamat Pajak Center for Indonesia Tax Analysis (CITA) Fajry Akbar memperkirakan kenaikan tarif PPN dari 11% menjadi 12% akan berdampak positif terhadap penerimaan pajak, khususnya penerimaan PPN.

Bahkan, dirinya memperkirakan tambahan penerimaan dari kenaikan PPN 12% akan menyumbang lebih dari Rp 80 triliun ke kas negara.

Maklum, hingga akhir Maret 2023, pemerintah telah mengantongi Rp 80,08 triliun ke kas negara usai menaikkan tarif PPN menjadi 11% sejak April 2022.

Oleh karena itu, dirinya menduga bahwa potensi penerimaan dari kenaikan tarif PPN pada 1 Januari 2025 akan lebih besar dari kenaikan tarif PPN 11% pada tahun 2022. Di samping itu, dengan adanya kenaikan harga-harga di tahun depan maka otomatis besaran penerimaan PPN juga akan meningkat.

“Kemungkinan akan lebih besar karena pada tahun 2022 diimplementasikan dari bulan April. Dan juga ada dampak dari kenaikan harga atau inflasi,” ujar Fajry kepada Kontan.co.id, Selasa (12/3).

Sementara itu, Analis Senior Indonesia Strategic and Economic Action Institution Ronny P Sasmita menambahkan, tepat atau tidak tepatnya  kenaikan tarif PPN menjadi 12% akan bergantung dari penggunaan anggaran yang didapat dari kenaikan tarif PPN tersebut.

“Jika dana kenaikan PPN dipergunakan untuk belanja sosial yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya beli masyarakat atau belanja sosial untuk mengurangi ketimpangan, saya kira saya sangat tepat,” kata Ronny.

Dengan kata lain, jika kenaikan tarif PPN digunakan untuk membiayai kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. maka pendapatan dan daya beli masyarakat tentu akan semakin membaik.

“Dan itu juga baik bagi dunia usaha karena costumer base-nya juga meluas dan semakin banyak,” imbuhnya.

Sebaliknya, apabila tambahan penerimaan dari kenaikan tarif PPN digunakan untuk membiayai kebijakan yang tidak terkait dengan kesejahteraan dan daya beli masyarakat, maka dampaknya akan buruk terhadap perekonomian Indonesia.

“Kondisi ekonomi akan semakin sulit ujungnya, karena dunia usaha akan terbebani kenaikan PPN, tapi costumer basenya justru konstan alias daya beli masyarakat tidak membaik,” kata Ronny.

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